Spin-1 Bose-Hubbard model with two- and three-body interactions

摘要

We investigated the ground state of spin-1 bosons interacting under localtwo- and three-body interactions in one dimension by means of the densitymatrix renormalization group method. We found that the even-odd asymmetry willbe obtained or not depending on the relative values of the two- and three-bodyinteractions. The Mott insulator lobes are spin isotropic, the first showing adimerized pattern and the second being composed of singlets. The three-bodyinteractions disfavor a longitudinal polar superfluid and a quantum phasetransition to a transverse polar superfluid occurs, which could be continuousor discontinuous.